//String class provides methods
//String method tests

import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.ArrayList;


public class eg22_StringMethods
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		String str = "Programming is interesting but I am really sleepy.";
		if (str.startsWith("Programming"))
			System.out.println("The string starts with Programming.");
		else
			System.out.println("The string does not start with Programming.");
		
		
		String str2 = "I really really like Fridays.";
		System.out.println("str: start = "+str.indexOf("really"));	//start position: 36
		System.out.println("str2: start = "+str2.indexOf("really")); //start position: 2
		
		if (str.regionMatches(true, 36, str2, 2, 6))  //6 is the length of region to match
			System.out.println("The regions match.");
		else
			System.out.println("The regions does not match.");
			
		System.out.println("str2: start = "+str2.lastIndexOf("really")); //start position: 2
		
		
		String fullName = "Cynthia Susan Lee";
		String middleName = fullName.substring(8,13);  //start position; end position
		System.out.println("The full name is " + fullName);
		System.out.println("The full name is " + middleName);
		System.out.println();
		
		//String concat method does the same thing as +, so it is skipped
		//replace method, replace a character by another character
		String str1 = "Tom Talber Tried Trains";
		System.out.println(str1);  //before replace
		str1 = str1.replace('T','D');
		System.out.println(str1);  //after replace
		System.out.println();
		
		//replace method, can also replace substring
		str1 = "Tom Talber Tried Trains and Trains";
		System.out.println(str1);  //before replace
		str1 = str1.replace("Trains","Domains");
		System.out.println(str1);  //after replace
		
		System.out.println("length of string = "+str.length());
		for (int i=0; i<str1.length(); i++)
		{
			System.out.print(str1.charAt(i));
		}
		System.out.println();
		
		//learn how to check online documentation
		char[] array = str1.toCharArray(); //method to convert the string to a char array
		for (int i=0; i<array.length; i++)
		{
			System.out.print(array[i]+" ");
			array[i]= Character.toUpperCase(array[i]);//static method of Character wrapper class
		}
		String str3 = new String(array);		//create new string, convert char array to string
		System.out.println(str3);
		System.out.println();
		
		//trim method deletes leading and trailing whitespace characters
		String greeting1 = "   Hello    ";
		System.out.println("*"+greeting1+"*");  //before trim
		greeting1 = greeting1.trim();
		System.out.println("*"+greeting1+"*");  //after trim
		System.out.println();

		//valueOf method returns a string representation of the value
		boolean b = true;
		char[] letters = {'a','b','c','d','e'};
		double d = 2.4981567;
		int i = 7;
		System.out.println(String.valueOf(b));
		System.out.println(String.valueOf(letters));
		System.out.println(String.valueOf(d));
		System.out.println(String.valueOf(i));
		//String str3 = String.valueOf(i);
		//String str3 = i;		//this one gives error
		System.out.println();
		
		//Stringtokenzier Class, to tokenize a string, need to import java.util.StringTokenizer;
		StringTokenizer strTokenizer = new StringTokenizer ("One Two Three");
		while (strTokenizer.hasMoreTokens())
		{
			System.out.println(strTokenizer.nextToken());
		}
		
		strTokenizer = new StringTokenizer ("12/25/2011","/");
		while (strTokenizer.hasMoreTokens())
		{
			String tempstr = strTokenizer.nextToken();
			System.out.println(tempstr);
		}
		
		System.out.println();
		//Wrapper Classes for Numeric Data Types
		int i1 = 12;
		double d1 = 14.95;
		String str4 = Integer.toString(i1);
		System.out.println(str4);
		String str5 = Double.toString(d1);
		System.out.println(str5);
		str4 = Integer.toBinaryString(i1);
		System.out.println(str4);
		str4 = Integer.toHexString(i1);
		System.out.println(str4);
		str4 = Integer.toOctalString(i1);
		System.out.println(str4);
		System.out.println();
		
		//create objects from the wrapper class
		//Integer number = new Integer(7);
		//Autoboxing: "boxing up" a value inside a object
		Integer number;
		number = 7;
		//Unboxing: converting a wrapper class object to a primitive type
		Integer myInt = 5;
		int primitiveNumber;
		primitiveNumber = myInt;
		//when to use Autoboxing?
		//import java.util.ArrayList;
		//ArrayList<int> list = new ArrayList<int>();  //this one gives error because ArrayList expects objects
		ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();	//this is OK 
		Integer myInt1 = 5;
		list.add(myInt1);		//Autoboxing
		int primitiveNumber1 = list.get(0);	//Unboxing
	}
}